Conflict and cholera in Sudan

The Sudan conflict has also triggered a crisis beyond the country’s borders. Because of the conflict, displaced populations have been fleeing Sudan and seeking refuge in nearby countries such as South Sudan and Ethiopia. As a result, these neighboring countries must manage both the influx of refugees and cross-border cholera outbreaks, straining local capacity and resources (1). Failure to address outbreaks, especially in conflict zones, can have catastrophic consequences for the entire region (1).

Sudan is struggling to contain the cholera outbreak due to the ongoing conflict. Fighting has damaged critical healthcare infrastructure, and violence prevents people from safely accessing healthcare (2). The conflict has also caused healthcare workers to flee, worsening the crisis. Other factors hindering outbreak response include inadequate surveillance (e.g., at points of entry), limited preparedness, and poor community engagement (2). In Gadaref State, a study has found that the conflict has limited the government’s ability to coordinate and fund efforts to prepare for and respond to outbreaks (4).

A recent Perspective by Hassan et al. has highlighted the interventions needed to respond to the crisis. To provide healthcare services to populations in conflict-affected areas, it is important to rebuild hospitals, ensure the safety of healthcare workers, and provide medical supplies necessary to treat patients. It is also crucial to improve the living conditions in refugee camps. Specifically, improving access to clean water, sanitation, and hygiene facilities to prevent waterborne diseases such as cholera. However, Sudan cannot tackle this complex situation alone. The international community must recognize that this health crisis is a global concern. An immediate, coordinated, and sustained response is critical to address this humanitarian emergency. The authors also emphasized that a complete restoration of the healthcare system is only possible once the violence ends (1).

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